小凉山彝族风情Small Liangshan Yi style

小凉山彝族是从四川大凉山迁徙而来的，现在为了区别于四川大凉山彝族，宁蒗彝族一般被称为小凉山彝族。大约在15世纪初，因为大凉山彝族内部的部族纷争，一支彝族就迁到了宁蒗定居，发展成为现在的小凉山彝族。

　　羊坪乡是小凉山彝族风情浓郁的地方（它过去属于宁蒗彝族自治县，在1960年划到永胜县），全乡7000多人都是小凉山彝族，因此保留有比较好的彝族传统风俗。

　　美丽的彩裙

　　每月2、7日的集日上，走在羊坪的街上您会眩晕于女人裙子上一道道类似彩虹的亮丽色彩中。

　　云南其他地区的彝族大多穿长裤，小凉山彝族女子穿彩裙。不管是披着镶花边头帕未婚女子，还是带着荷叶型八角帽的已婚女人，她们都会穿着用红绿白或是用红黄蓝搭配成的彩裙。还有一些女子会在头上结一块白纱或者黑帕遮住脸颊，只露出一双水汪汪的眼睛，此情此景可以和带着面纱的神秘阿拉伯女子相提并论了，很多摄影师把此称为“小凉山最难拍又最美的镜头”。

　　幼年的女孩子穿着就比较朴素了，她们带着纯黑的头帕，身上的彩裙也只有两种颜色。

　　彪悍的披风

　　小凉山的彝族还有一种特殊的服装——长至膝盖以下的羊毛披风，披风有黑、白两色，但是黑色最为流行。这种饰有流苏的服装具有多功能，白天可以做外套挡风，夜晚还可以做被褥御寒。虽然彝族的男子已经很少穿着民族服装，基本上都是汉族打扮，但是披上传统的披风时，还是能够看出那一份彪悍和洒脱。

　　过节

　　彝族使用特殊的历法--太阳历，将一年分为十个月，将我们二十四节气的大寒作为一年的开端，大暑则作为一年的中点需要好好庆贺。所以大暑这一天（农历六月二十四日前后）就要过火把节。

　　传说很久以前有一个恶魔到人间毁坏庄稼，于是人间的一位大力士就决定和恶魔决斗，日期就定在了六月二十四。可是他们连着战斗了三天三夜也没有分出胜负，于是地上的人又是吹笛，又是跺脚给大力士助威，终于恶魔被打败了。但是恶魔不甘心，于是又找来了各种害虫来摧残人们的庄稼，可是人们发现用火把可以烧死害虫。为使人们就在每年的大暑这一天过起火把节，庆祝这次胜利。

　　火把节的时候要穿漂亮的衣服，杀猪宰羊，用新荞做的粑粑祭祖。还有赛马、摔跤、斗牛、斗鸡等娱乐活动。最热闹的就是到了晚上，家家户户人人高举烧死害虫的火把，先围着自己家转一圈驱邪避毒，然后将火把聚在一起，围着篝火唱歌跳舞，整夜狂欢。

　　从灵源寺旁的公路继续向东北方向前行，会看到路边开始出现一些头戴八角黑布帽、身穿彩色百褶长裙的姑娘，继续前行过战河乡、跑马坪乡、新营盘乡，直至宁蒗县城，还是满街的三节彩褶裙在吸引着您的视线，这就标志着您正在小凉山彝族的“势力范围”中穿行。

　　大概距离灵源寺12公里处，公路边上可以看到一座大水库，水库边上就是羊坪乡——小凉山彝族聚居区之一。 　　

Small Liangshan Yi from Sichuan Liangshan large migration from now to be distinguished from Sichuan Liangshan Yi large, Ninglang Yi generally referred to as small Liangshan Yi. Around the beginning of the 15th century, because of the Liangshan Yi internal tribal disputes, a move Yi on the Ninglang settlement, now developed into a small Liangshan Yi. Pingxiang is a small sheep Liangshan Yi strong local customs (it belongs to the past Ninglang Yi Autonomous County in 1960 to draw Yongsheng County), more than 7,000 small township Liangshan Yi, so there is better to retain the traditional customs of the Yi . Beautiful color skirt 2, 7 days per month on the set, the sheep walk in the streets of the square you will be dizzy woman in a skirt on the Road, similar to the bright colors of the rainbow. Yunnan, the Yi people in other parts of the mostly wear trousers, a small woman wearing Liangshan Yi Cai skirt. Whether set in the garb of lace Toupa unmarried woman, or lotus leaf with a cap of 1.80-married women, they will be wearing with red and green with white or yellow with blue color as the dress. Some women will head a white or black knot Pago covered her face, exposing only a pair Shuiwang Wang's eyes, these circumstances can be mysterious and veiled Arab women in the same breath, many of the photographers known as the "Liangshan also the most difficult to beat the best shots." The young girl dressed in a more simple, with their black Toupa the body color of the dress has only two colors. The cloak Biaohan Small Liangshan Yi also a special kind of clothing - to below the knee length wool cloak, black cloak and white and white, black, but the most popular. This tassel decorated with multi-functional clothing, wind jacket can be done during the day and night bedding can be done to keep out the cold. Although Yi has been little men dressed in national costume, Han basically dress up, but put on a traditional cloak, or be able to see that a free and easy and Biaohan. Holiday Yi's special calendar - the solar calendar, will be divided into 10 months of the year, we will be 24 solar terms of Dahan as the beginning of the year, the Great Heat is the mid-point of the year as a need to celebrate. So Great Heat day (June 24 before and after the Lunar New Year) should have Torch Festival. Legend for a long time before there is a devil to the destruction of crops on earth, so human, a decision on the Hercules and fight the devil, on the date set for a June 24. But they are linked to fighting for three days and three nights there is no winner, then who is on the floor of the piper, another foot to boost the morale of Hercules, the devil has been defeated. But not reconciled to the devil, so he found a variety of pests to destroy people's crops, but it was found burnt to death with a torch can be pests. In order for people each year in the Great Heat of the Torch Festival starting the day off to celebrate the victory. Torch Festival of time to wear beautiful clothes, Zaiyang pig, with a new buckwheat do worship Baba. There are horse racing, wrestling, bullfighting, cock fighting, and other recreational activities. Is the most popular at night, the pests every household all hold high the torch burned to death, the first lap around the home to avoid the evil drug, the torch will then get together around the campfire to sing and dance, all night revelry. Sources from the Temple of Hope next to the highway to continue to move forward towards the northeast, began to see some of the roadside wearing black octagonal cap, wearing a dress the color Pleated girl, on its way over war Township, Happy Pingxiang The new rural Ying Pun, until Ninglang Xian City, or the streets 3 Zhequn in color attracts your attention, and this marks you are small Liangshan Yi's "sphere of influence" through. Ling Monastery from the source of about 12 km, the highway can see the edge of a large reservoir, the reservoir is on the edge of Pingxiang sheep - one of the Liangshan Yi people live.